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GH4169, commercially known as Inconel 718, represents a premier precipitation-hardenable nickel-chromium superalloy that has become the material of choice for demanding high-temperature applications. Developed in the 1960s, this alloy combines exceptional mechanical properties with outstanding corrosion resistance, maintaining its performance across an extraordinary temperature range from cryogenic conditions to 700°C (1290°F).
Material Composition and Metallurgy
The alloy's chemical composition features:
Nickel (Ni): 50-55% (base element)
Chromium (Cr): 17-21% (for oxidation resistance)
Iron (Fe): balance (typically 16-20%)
Niobium (Nb): 4.75-5.5% (key strengthening element)
Molybdenum (Mo): 2.8-3.3%
Titanium (Ti): 0.65-1.15%
Aluminum (Al): 0.2-0.8%
The strategic combination of niobium and molybdenum enables precipitation hardening through the formation of γ'' (Ni3Nb) and γ' (Ni3(Al,Ti)) phases, providing exceptional strength retention at elevated temperatures.
Mechanical Properties
GH4169 exhibits remarkable mechanical characteristics:
Room temperature properties:
• Tensile strength: 1,240-1,380 MPa (180-200 ksi)
• Yield strength (0.2% offset): 1,030-1,170 MPa (150-170 ksi)
• Elongation: 12-20%
• Hardness: 35-45 HRC
Elevated temperature performance:
• Retains 90% of room temperature strength at 650°C
• Excellent creep rupture life (100+ hours at 650°C/620MPa)
Cryogenic properties:
• Maintains ductility down to -250°C
• Impact strength remains stable at cryogenic temperatures
Corrosion and Oxidation Resistance
The alloy demonstrates superior resistance to:
High-temperature oxidation up to 980°C (1,800°F)
Saltwater and marine environments
Acidic conditions including sulfuric and phosphoric acids
Stress corrosion cracking in chloride environments
Hydrogen embrittlement
Fabrication Characteristics
GH4169 offers excellent manufacturability:
Machinability: 20-30% easier than conventional superalloys
Welding: All conventional methods applicable (GTAW recommended)
Hot working: 925-1,120°C (1,700-2,050°F)
Cold working: Excellent for moderate deformation
Heat treatment: Standard solution treatment at 955-1,010°C followed by aging
Industrial Applications
Primary application sectors include:
Aerospace:
• Jet engine components (turbine blades, disks, casings)
• Rocket motor cases
• Spacecraft structural parts
Oil and Gas:
• Downhole tools
• Wellhead components
• Subsea equipment
Power Generation:
• Gas turbine components
• Nuclear reactor parts
Industrial Processing:
• High-temperature fasteners
• Chemical processing equipment
Standards Compliance
GH4169 meets numerous international specifications:
AMS 5662/5663 (bar/forgings)
ASTM B637 (rod/bar)
ASME SB-637
DIN 2.4668
NACE MR0175 compliant
Special Considerations
While GH4169 offers exceptional properties, proper application requires attention to:
Stress relief after welding for critical applications
Avoidance of prolonged exposure above 700°C to prevent phase instability
Special tooling requirements for machining
Controlled cooling rates during heat treatment
From the above reading you can know
GH4169 (Inconel 718) continues to dominate critical engineering applications where reliability under extreme conditions is paramount. Its unique balance of properties makes it indispensable for aerospace propulsion systems, energy exploration equipment, and advanced industrial machinery. When properly specified and processed, GH4169 components deliver unmatched performance in the most demanding environments.
GH4169, commercially known as Inconel 718, represents a premier precipitation-hardenable nickel-chromium superalloy that has become the material of choice for demanding high-temperature applications. Developed in the 1960s, this alloy combines exceptional mechanical properties with outstanding corrosion resistance, maintaining its performance across an extraordinary temperature range from cryogenic conditions to 700°C (1290°F).
Material Composition and Metallurgy
The alloy's chemical composition features:
Nickel (Ni): 50-55% (base element)
Chromium (Cr): 17-21% (for oxidation resistance)
Iron (Fe): balance (typically 16-20%)
Niobium (Nb): 4.75-5.5% (key strengthening element)
Molybdenum (Mo): 2.8-3.3%
Titanium (Ti): 0.65-1.15%
Aluminum (Al): 0.2-0.8%
The strategic combination of niobium and molybdenum enables precipitation hardening through the formation of γ'' (Ni3Nb) and γ' (Ni3(Al,Ti)) phases, providing exceptional strength retention at elevated temperatures.
Mechanical Properties
GH4169 exhibits remarkable mechanical characteristics:
Room temperature properties:
• Tensile strength: 1,240-1,380 MPa (180-200 ksi)
• Yield strength (0.2% offset): 1,030-1,170 MPa (150-170 ksi)
• Elongation: 12-20%
• Hardness: 35-45 HRC
Elevated temperature performance:
• Retains 90% of room temperature strength at 650°C
• Excellent creep rupture life (100+ hours at 650°C/620MPa)
Cryogenic properties:
• Maintains ductility down to -250°C
• Impact strength remains stable at cryogenic temperatures
Corrosion and Oxidation Resistance
The alloy demonstrates superior resistance to:
High-temperature oxidation up to 980°C (1,800°F)
Saltwater and marine environments
Acidic conditions including sulfuric and phosphoric acids
Stress corrosion cracking in chloride environments
Hydrogen embrittlement
Fabrication Characteristics
GH4169 offers excellent manufacturability:
Machinability: 20-30% easier than conventional superalloys
Welding: All conventional methods applicable (GTAW recommended)
Hot working: 925-1,120°C (1,700-2,050°F)
Cold working: Excellent for moderate deformation
Heat treatment: Standard solution treatment at 955-1,010°C followed by aging
Industrial Applications
Primary application sectors include:
Aerospace:
• Jet engine components (turbine blades, disks, casings)
• Rocket motor cases
• Spacecraft structural parts
Oil and Gas:
• Downhole tools
• Wellhead components
• Subsea equipment
Power Generation:
• Gas turbine components
• Nuclear reactor parts
Industrial Processing:
• High-temperature fasteners
• Chemical processing equipment
Standards Compliance
GH4169 meets numerous international specifications:
AMS 5662/5663 (bar/forgings)
ASTM B637 (rod/bar)
ASME SB-637
DIN 2.4668
NACE MR0175 compliant
Special Considerations
While GH4169 offers exceptional properties, proper application requires attention to:
Stress relief after welding for critical applications
Avoidance of prolonged exposure above 700°C to prevent phase instability
Special tooling requirements for machining
Controlled cooling rates during heat treatment
From the above reading you can know
GH4169 (Inconel 718) continues to dominate critical engineering applications where reliability under extreme conditions is paramount. Its unique balance of properties makes it indispensable for aerospace propulsion systems, energy exploration equipment, and advanced industrial machinery. When properly specified and processed, GH4169 components deliver unmatched performance in the most demanding environments.
