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Nickel has a density of approximately 8.90 g/cm³ (8,900 kg/m³), making it a moderately heavy metal commonly used in aerospace, batteries, and corrosion-resistant alloys. This article explains the density of nickel in both metric units, compares it with other common metals like iron, copper, and aluminum, and highlights why this property is critical in engineering, manufacturing, and material science applications. Whether you're selecting materials or optimizing performance, understanding nickel’s density is key to informed decision-making.
Nickel’s density at room temperature (20°C or 68°F) is:
8.90 g/cm³ (grams per cubic centimeter)
8,900 kg/m³ (kilograms per cubic meter)
This value refers to pure nickel in its solid, metallic form. It is one of the defining characteristics that make nickel suitable for structural, thermal, and high-performance applications.
| Property | Value |
|---|---|
| Density | 8.90 g/cm³ |
| Atomic Number | 28 |
| Atomic Mass | 58.69 u |
| Melting Point | 1455°C (2651°F) |
| Boiling Point | 2913°C (5275°F) |
| Crystal Structure | Face-Centered Cubic (FCC) |
| Magnetic? | Yes (ferromagnetic) |
Understanding nickel’s density is easier when compared to other common engineering metals:
| Metal | Density (g/cm³) | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Nickel | 8.90 | High strength and corrosion resistance |
| Iron | 7.87 | Less dense and less corrosion-resistant |
| Copper | 8.96 | Similar density, better electrical conductivity |
| Aluminum | 2.70 | Much lighter; used in aerospace structures |
| Titanium | 4.51 | Lightweight and corrosion-resistant |
| Lead | 11.34 | Much denser and softer |
| Gold | 19.32 | Dense and highly malleable |
The density of nickel affects many practical applications, especially where strength-to-weight ratio, mass balance, or space constraints are critical. Examples include:
Aerospace: Nickel-based superalloys are used in turbine blades and jet engines.
Batteries: Nickel is a key material in lithium-ion and NiMH batteries.
Marine engineering: High corrosion resistance and density make it suitable for subsea components.
Industrial alloying: Inconel, Monel, and stainless steel use nickel to improve strength and oxidation resistance.
Although pure nickel has a consistent density, some factors can cause variation:
Alloying: Nickel is often combined with chromium, iron, or molybdenum, which can change the density.
Temperature: As temperature increases, thermal expansion causes a slight decrease in density.
Form: Nickel in powdered or porous form has a lower bulk density.
A: The density of nickel is approximately 8.90 g/cm³.
A: Copper (8.96 g/cm³) is slightly denser than nickel, though they are very close. Copper is also a better conductor of electricity.
A: Yes. Nickel has a higher density than iron (8.90 g/cm³ vs 7.87 g/cm³), making it heavier by volume.
A: Designers and engineers use density to calculate mass, material strength, and suitability for high-temperature or corrosive environments.
A: Yes, when nickel is alloyed with other metals, its effective density changes depending on the composition of the alloy.
The density of nickel — 8.90 g/cm³ — makes it a versatile and powerful metal for high-performance applications. Whether used in its pure form or as an alloying element, nickel's density is central to its structural integrity and industrial relevance. Understanding this property helps engineers, designers, and manufacturers make informed choices across aerospace, electronics, marine, and chemical industries.
